Abstract: Service systems enable value co-creation. However, value co-creation is a complex phe-nomenon that is difficult to observe, let alone to purposefully enact. This is a serious chal lenge for the design of service systems. To address this challenge, we propose a multileveldesign framework for service systems, which builds on actor engagement as amicrofoundation of value co-creation. Based on this work, we conceptualize a designframework, which emphasizes (1) a multilevel perspective to understand interdependen-cies between the institutional set-up on macro level, engagement platforms as facilitatorsfor resource mobilization and integration on meso level and observable actor engage-ment on micro level as well as (2) a dynamic perspective through two iterative designcycles to continuously refine service systems. We illustrate how this multilevel frameworkinforms and guides service research and practitioner in a systematic design process,thereby contributing to service systems engineering.